The current climate and biodiversity crisis demands action on a global scale.

We have eroded the natural systems that underpin our societies and economies, and now we must act boldly to reverse course and put ourselves on the path to a nature-positive future. In 2022, 196 countries agreed on a plan to do just that: the Global Biodiversity Framework, which – among other targets – commits us to protect and conserve at least 30% of our ocean, land and freshwater by 2030.

Ocean protection isn't one-size fits all. 

Marine protected areas (MPAs) typically restrict or prohibit human activity to conserve marine biodiversity and ecosystems. But these formally designated areas aren't the only way to achieve 30x30 and the envisioned benefits for people and nature. 

Other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs) are areas that are managed to achieve positive long-term results for biodiversity and ecosystems, and often cultural, spiritual and socioeconomic benefits, as well. OECMs offer a way to recognize the conservation taking place outside designated protected areas, including by Indigenous Peoples and communities, the private sector and government agencies. 

WWF is working with partners to capitalize on this historic opportunity. But how we deliver 30x30 is just as important as tallying up hectares.

The fundamentals are: connected, representative marine protected and conserved area (MPCA) networks are designed based on the best available science and are integrated into sustainable management of land and seascapes – the “other 70%” of the planet.

Designation and management of MPCAs is inclusive, equitable and rights-based, including securing the rights of Indigenous Peoples and local communities. Ecological objectives are considered alongside local social and economic circumstances to balance benefits and costs, and select an appropriate level of protection.

Crucially, these areas cannot be simply lines on a map; they require effective management, governance and long-term financing.

Achieving 30x30 guided by these principles will help sustain the health and resilience of nature, communities and the climate. While there is no “standard” protection or management plan suitable for the ocean’s varied ecosystems and uses, we need not start from scratch. We can leverage experience to implement new MPCAs efficiently and effectively.  

WWF has 550 ocean conservation experts in more than 60 countries worldwide, with deep local ties and strong partnerships. Our role varies according to the circumstances and, in addition to implementing conservation programs, may involve providing expert research and analysis, supporting a community-led campaign, convening stakeholders to have an open dialogue, or advocating at the highest levels for policy commitments.

Most WWF offices have played all of these roles and more, always led by the aspirations of communities that depend on the ocean. 

This combination of local-to-global, out-front and behind-the-scenes perspectives shapes our understanding of what is required to deliver on the opportunity – the promise – of 30x30.